Supplementary

Citizenship standards in Pennsylvania include the Academic Standards for Civics and Government, Economics, Geography and History. The best way to address the standards and to be effective in conveying the subject matter is approach content in an interdisciplinary format. Research on interdisciplinary instruction shows prolonged interest in learning by students and teachers. Interdisciplinary instruction increases attendance rates and improves test scores.

The National Council for Social Studies(NCSS) has developed a set of 10 thematic standards that may be viewed on-line.   In addition NCSS has developed a number of Position Papers on a variety of subjects.

I. Culture
II. Time, Continuity, and Change
III. People, Places, and Environments
IV. Individual Development and Indentity
V. Individuals, Groups, and Institutions
VI. Power, Authority, and Governance
VII. Production, Distribution, and Consumption
VIII. Science, Technology, and Society
IX. Global Connections
X. Civic Ideals and Practices

Organizations that offer information, resources and professional development under the umbrella of social studies education are linked to the right: